East Asian languages and literatures | University of Hawai驶i System News /news News from the 东精影业 Tue, 02 Dec 2025 23:13:27 +0000 en-US hourly 1 /news/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-UHNews512-1-32x32.jpg East Asian languages and literatures | University of Hawai驶i System News /news 32 32 28449828 Koto, origami, manga: UH 惭腻苍辞补鈥檚 Nippon Day /news/2025/12/01/manoa-nippon-day/ Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:31:59 +0000 /news/?p=226187 The annual event, hosted by the EALL department featured hands-on activities highlighting Japanese language, art and community traditions.

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Music performance
A vibrant traditional Okinawan performance captivates the audience.

The University of 惭腻苍辞补 Campus Center Ballroom transformed into a colorful hub of games, workshops and music on November 7, as more than 800 people gathered for Nippon Culture Day. The annual event, hosted by the Department of (EALL), offered a full day of hands-on activities highlighting Japanese language, art and community traditions.

东精影业ees surrounding a koto
东精影业ees get a close look at the traditional Japanese koto.

东精影业ees moved from table to table, trying everything from calligraphy and gift-wrapping to traditional Japanese card games such as hanafuda and karuta. Students practiced koto (Japanese string instrument) and sanshin (Okinawan string instrument), folded intricate origami and tested their skills at manga (comic book) character drawing and katakana (character) recognition game. Members of the Japanese Culture Club also supported a station, helping guests of all ages jump in.

“Our department has long been engaged in the study of Japan,” said Hiromi Uchida, a Japanese language instructor. “We see this event as a valuable opportunity for both learning and community building, and we hope to continue making Nippon Culture Day an exciting and enjoyable experience for all students and the community.”

Traditions up close

Nippon is the Japanese word for Japan. Culture-focused workshops ran throughout the morning and afternoon. Visitors sat for abacus lessons, learned the basics of ikebana (flower arrangement) in small-group sessions and experienced the quiet focus of a tea ceremony inside Jaku鈥檃n, the campus tea house.

Group of boys playing cards
Participants dove into a variety of hands-on activities.

Information tables connected students with academic and professional opportunities tied to Japan. Representatives from 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补鈥檚 (COS), , Japanese Exchange and Teaching Program and spoke with attendees about travel and study opportunities. Japan Airlines also provided details about career tracks.

As the afternoon continued, the event shifted to live performances featuring koto and sanshin demonstrations. The day ended with a bon dance, inviting everyone to celebrate together.

Nippon Culture Day is co-sponsored by the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 and COS. Located within the , the EALL department has hosted the free event for more than 20 years.

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Japan鈥檚 Order of the Rising Sun award presented to UH scholar /news/2025/10/03/mcdonald-order-of-the-rising-sun-award/ Sat, 04 Oct 2025 01:03:59 +0000 /news/?p=223131 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 associate professor Mary G. McDonald received the Order of the Rising Sun Imperial Decoration from the Government of Japan.

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Mary holding award certificate sitting next to two men.
Mary G. McDonald accepts the commendation from Consul General of Japan Yoshinori Kodama, right.

Mary G. McDonald, who taught and later directed the (CJS) at the University of Hawaiʻi at 惭腻苍辞补, has received one of Japan鈥檚 top honors for her decades of work advancing ties between the U.S. and Japan.

At a special ceremony on September 26 at the Japanese Consulate in Honolulu, McDonald received the . The award recognizes her decades of work advancing academic exchange, cultural understanding and international collaboration.

“This recognition is entirely due to the tireless dedication to strong community and educational ties,” said McDonald. “I thank the government and people of Japan and Hawaiʻi for the opportunities our 东精影业 students and faculty have enjoyed in Japan. I thank the late Dr. Genshitsu Sen for his generosity to 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 students, emphasizing peace through The Way of Tea. 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 is truly an excellent place to study Japan, it has been a privilege to play a small part.”

Building bridges

People participating in a clean-up.
Center for Japanese Studies hosts a semi-annual cleanup of the Ehime Maru Memorial in Kaka驶ako with students and staff.

McDonald served on the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 faculty for 26 years. She guided countless students and scholars through programs that deepened ties between Japan and Hawaiʻi. As director of CJS, she strengthened inter-university exchange programs and supported initiatives that brought Japanese culture and research into the heart of the university. She also served on the selection committee for the Japan Exchange and Teaching Program, also known as JET, helping many participants begin their journeys living and working in Japan.

Mark Levin, the current director of CJS, recalls how McDonald represented the perfect role model in directing the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 Center for Japanese Studies.

“She engaged with students, faculty, staff, alumni, and community in her soft-spoken but persuasive manner. Among the accomplishments of her term was overseeing the renovations of Jaku’an, the teahouse located on the 东精影业 campus, smoothly overcoming a host of logistical challenges from start to finish,” Levin said.

Leadership honored

Mary holding her award certificate surrounded by a group of people.
McDonald is celebrated at recognition ceremony.

At the ceremony, Consul General Yoshinori Kodama praised McDonald鈥檚 leadership, especially in study abroad programs and her dedication to advancing Japanese studies in Hawaiʻi.

The celebration also featured a congratulatory message from Robert Huey, a professor emeritus of the and a kampai (cheers) toast by Jean Ariyoshi, former First Lady of Hawaiʻi.

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Korean diaspora storytelling inspires 惭腻苍辞补 students /news/2025/09/25/korean-diaspora-storytelling/ Fri, 26 Sep 2025 02:17:54 +0000 /news/?p=222643 Crystal Hana Kim brought her powerful stories of love, loss and Korean history to the Hee Kyung Lee Kwon Speaker Series.

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person at a podium
Crystal Hana Kim reading her novel.

Acclaimed novelist Crystal Hana Kim brought her powerful stories of love, loss and Korean history to the University of Hawaiʻi at 惭腻苍辞补. The hosted her as the featured speaker in the Hee Kyung Lee Kwon Speaker Series.

2 people talking
American Studies Professor Youngoh Jung connects with the author.

About 60 students and faculty gathered on September 18, for the event at the Center for Korean Studies, where Kim read from her two novels, shared her research process, and spoke about writing between two cultures and languages. She also reflected on her interest in Korean history and her experiences as a Korean American author.

“I’m deeply honored to have been selected as the second Hee Kyung Lee Kwon Speaker. Hee Kyung Lee Kwon’s life story inspires and resonates with my lineage,” said Kim. “To arrive here as a picture bride hoping for a greater education, to build a life in a new country and contribute to the Independence Movement of Korea鈥攚hat an admirable, formidable figure.”

Award-winning author

person signing books
东精影业ees gathered to have books signed.

During her visit to 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补, a crew from the Korean Broadcasting System filmed her lecture for a documentary on the Korean diaspora that will air in November in South Korea.

Kim authored The Stone Home, a finalist for the Maya Angelou Book Prize, and If You Leave Me, which was named a best book of the year by more than a dozen publications. She received the National Book Foundation鈥檚 5 Under 35 Award and the PEN/Robert J. Dau Short Story Prize for Emerging Writers.

Honoring lineage

2 women
Kim with donor Esther Arinaga.

On campus, Kim included time with graduate students in Assistant Professor David Krolikoski鈥檚 Korean literature seminar, where she spoke about translation, craft and her inspirations.

“It has been comforting to be in an academic space where my culture is so deeply valued,” said Kim. “On a personal level, when my father immigrated to the United States, he first landed in Hawaiʻi. To finally visit this land while pregnant holds much meaning to me as I think of the history and lineage of the Korean diaspora.”

Campus partners

The Hee Kyung Lee Kwon Speaker Series is co-sponsored by 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补鈥檚 Center for Korean Studies, Department of English, Creative Writing Program, and Department of Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies.

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Ikebana, anime, Okinawan language celebrated at Nippon event /news/2024/11/04/nippon-event/ Tue, 05 Nov 2024 01:29:28 +0000 /news/?p=206060 Nippon Culture Day showcases a vibrant blend of traditional and contemporary Japanese culture.

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2 students holding up Japanese calligraphy
Participants learned how to write Japanese calligraphy

More than 800 students and community members filled the Campus Center Ballroom at the on October 25 for the annual Nippon Culture Day. The event showcased a vibrant blend of traditional and contemporary Japanese culture. Organized by the Japanese section of the (EALL), the annual showcase offers cultural immersion for Hawaiʻi high schoolers, college students and members of the public.

people playing Japanese card game
Players enjoy a round of hanafuda, a classic Japanese flower card game

Participants had the chance to dive into various Japanese art forms and practices through interactive workshops on topics such as calligraphy, ikebana (flower arranging), Okinawan language and manga/anime drawing. For those interested in strategy, there were sessions dedicated to igo, a classic Japanese board game.

“What we hope to accomplish with Nippon Culture Day is to expose students and the community to Japanese culture in all its dazzling diversity. Many are learning Japanese language and interested in pop culture products like anime and manga, but here they will get a taste of everything from daily cultural rituals to ancient court music,” said Andre Haag, a professor of Japanese literature and associate chair at EALL.

Perpetuating classic sounds

music performers on stage
东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 students play sanshin: From left Ruipeng Lu, Motoki Yamamori Saito, Hatsuho Kinjo

Audiences were treated to the soothing sounds of the koto, a 13-stringed zither, and the sanshin, an Okinawan three-stringed instrument. Three student musicians from 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补鈥檚 (COS) were featured sanshin performers on stage.

Adding depth to the event, a high school student visiting from Japan offered insights into classical Japanese literature, discussing how iconic Japanese authors drew heavily from nature to help shape their narratives.

Nippon Culture Day is co-sponsored by the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 and COS. Located within the , the EALL department has hosted the free event for more than 20 years.

person playing koto
Koto musicians held demonstrations of the traditional Japanese instrument
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Anime fan, tech wiz land coveted Japan scholarships /news/2024/10/15/mext-scholarship/ Wed, 16 Oct 2024 01:32:13 +0000 /news/?p=205080 Koy Yoshizumi and Marques Batoon, are among only four students in the country to receive the highly regarded MEXT scholarship

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3 people standing, 2 holding certificate
From left, Marques Batoon, Deputy Consul General Mikio Izawa and Koy Yoshizumi

Two students majoring in at the University of Hawaiʻi at 惭腻苍辞补 have been awarded the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) Scholarship by the Japanese government. Koy Yoshizumi and Marques Batoon, are among only four students in the country to receive the highly regarded scholarship this year, and began their yearlong studies in Japan this October.

family in front of red sign
Koy Yoshizumi鈥檚 parents Pauline and Darin visiting in Tokyo.

“I feel truly blessed to receive this scholarship,” said Yoshizumi, who is taking classes at Keio University in Tokyo. “I want to take every opportunity that comes my way, and I guess I want to ‘put myself out there’ a little more.”

Yoshizumi, who grew up in Kapolei, first became interested in Japanese culture through anime, a passion that has fueled his academic journey.

Batoon, a double major in Japanese and , is studying at Doshisha University in Kyoto. His year abroad offers him the chance to work on a unique project.

people sitting down eating lunch
Marques Batoon (center) eating with classmates in Kyoto.

“One of my goals is to complete my Japanese language study app game and play it with the classmates here who are also studying Japanese,” Batoon said.

His fascination with the language began in the fourth grade when his best friend, moved to Hawaiʻi from Japan and spoke English and Japanese.

Both Yoshizumi and Batoon represent the thriving (EALL) department at 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补, the largest of its kind in the nation, offering courses in Japanese, Chinese and Korean. The department continues to produce globally engaged graduates, many of whom go on to work in fields ranging from academia to government service.

“I hope that the awardees will make a year in Japan as MEXT scholars a fruitful one, by studying hard, by experiencing different aspects of Japanese society and culture firsthand, and by growing as individuals,” said Miki Ogasawara, an instructor who teaches Japanese at 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补.

In 2023, two more EALL students at 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 were among the four recipients nationwide to be awarded the MEXT scholarship.

EALL is housed in the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 .

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Bilingual poetry, art highlight Korean literature event /news/2024/10/15/korean-literature-event/ Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:32:47 +0000 /news/?p=205041 东精影业ees heard from feminist poet Kim Hyesoon, visual artist Fi Jae Lee and poet and translator Jack Jung.

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two people at podium
Kim Hyesoon and Jack Jung performing a bilingual poetry reading.

Three prominent figures in Korean literature and art highlighted an event hosted by the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (EALL) in September. 东精影业ees had the opportunity to hear from feminist poet Kim Hyesoon, visual artist Fi Jae Lee and poet and translator Jack Jung.

Kim, a recipient of literary honors, including the Griffin Poetry Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Award, performed a bilingual poetry reading in both Korean and English. She was joined by Jung, who is currently translating her collection Thus Spoke No (forthcoming from Ecco, 2026). The reading was followed by an art talk from Lee, whose work is regularly featured in Kim鈥檚 books and has been showcased in exhibitions worldwide. Lee discussed the inspirations and themes behind her installations, drawings, and paintings.

group photo
Jack Jung and Kim Hyesoon with faculty and student participants of a translation workshop.

“As a literature major, I enjoyed getting to know people in the literary circle and hearing from authors as they reflected on their own works,” said Dasom Han, an EALL graduate student who attended the event. “It was great to hear also from the illustrator and the translator at the poetry reading. Learning about how a book is published and translated to another language reminded me that publishing is a collective work and that the writer is not the only authority of a book.”

The event, held at the Center for Korean Studies Auditorium, also included a Q&A session, where community members and students could interact with the speakers. Following the presentations, there was a book signing with the poet and translator.

The next day, a translation workshop offered EALL graduate students a deep dive into the complexities of translating Korean poetry, led by Jung. Kim also attended to listen to and respond to student translations of her poetry.

Hee Kyung Lee Kwon Speaker Series

speaker at podium
Fi Jae Lee giving a presentation about her artwork and gallery installations.

This speaker series is dedicated to the celebration of Korean women鈥檚 literature and culture. It will feature individuals who have made a significant contribution to the field as authors, artists, translators, scholars, etc. The series was made possible thanks to the contribution of Esther Arinaga to commemorate her mother, Hee Kyung Lee Kwon. Lee Kwon was born in Daegu in 1894 and emigrated to Hawaiʻi in 1912, where she supported the Korean Independence Movement abroad from 1915 to 1945.

For further details, inquiries can be directed to event coordinators David Krolikoski or Emily Yoon at dkroli@hawaii.edu or ejyoon@hawaii.edu.

EALL is housed in 东精影业 惭ā苍辞补鈥檚 .

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东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 alums help to revive Okinawan language /news/2024/09/24/uh-manoa-alums-help-revive-okinawan-language/ Wed, 25 Sep 2024 01:16:22 +0000 /news/?p=204200 Shoichi Iwasaki and Rumiko Shinzato published a first of its kind Okinawan language textbook for English speakers.

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orange shisa statue
Shisa, the guardian creatures of Okinawan legend, are placed on homes and buildings to ward off evil and offer comfort.

In a story of both serendipity and shared passion, two University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa alumni, Shoichi Iwasaki and Rumiko Shinzato, reunited after more than thirty years to co-author , the first textbook of its kind for English speakers.

man smiling
Shoichi Iwasaki

The scholars bemoaned the lack of an Okinawan-language textbook in English and decided to write one themselves to preserve and teach the endangered Okinawan language. The resulting text was published by 东精影业 Press in May.

“I am passionate about letting people know the fate of the 3,000–5,000 languages that may vanish from the face of the earth in the next 100 years. Okinawan is just one of such languages,” said Iwasaki.

For Shinzato, the motivation was personal: “I wanted to give back something meaningful to my homeland, the people and our ancestors, as they have given me so much.”

While working on his master鈥檚 in at 东精影业 Mānoa, Iwasaki briefly met Shinzato, who was working on her PhD in . Years later, the professors reunited and co-wrote the recently published book.

woman smiling
Rumiko Shinzato

Iwasaki credits Shinzato with the idea to structure the textbook around the story of an American exchange student living with a host family in Okinawa. Shinzato also recorded native speakers鈥 voices to supplement the book鈥檚 written dialogues.

Critically endangered language

According to the authors, the Okinawan language, part of the Ryukyuan language family, faces a dire future. Once the primary tongue of the Ryukyu Kingdom, Okinawan was systematically suppressed after Japan annexed the region in 1879.

In 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) officially declared the language “endangered.” Fifteen years later, many now consider the language “critically endangered,” as it is predominantly spoken by older generations and rarely passed on to children.

Cultural and educational impact

Basic Okinawan book cover

In Hawaiʻi, the Okinawan diaspora remains an integral part of 贬补飞补颈ʻ颈鈥檚 rich cultural fabric, with nearly 50,000 people of Okinawan descent living in the islands.

The textbook has been met with high praise from experts in the field. “I wish it had been available when I took my first steps in the language. With the learning of Okinawan made such a pleasant experience, this will become the standard English-language work, hard to beat in the years to come,” said Leon Serafim, a retired professor of Japanese and former director of the 东精影业 Center for Okinawan Studies.

The multidisciplinary center, based on the Mānoa campus, offers courses, sponsors cultural events, and supports exchange programs. 东精影业 惭ā苍辞补鈥檚 Hamilton Library houses the Sakamaki-Hawley Collection, one of the world鈥檚 most significant Okinawa-related archives.

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东精影业 researchers uncover rare Japanese scroll set in Honolulu /news/2024/05/28/rare-japanese-scroll-set-honolulu/ Wed, 29 May 2024 02:40:22 +0000 /news/?p=198437 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 researchers co-authored a bilingual cross-platform publication that focuses on 18th century scrolls.

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The two-scroll set known as the J奴ban Mushi-awase is on display at the Honolulu Museum of Art (Image credit: Honolulu Museum of Art)

A three-year collaboration between faculty and students in the University of Hawaiʻi at 惭腻苍辞补鈥檚 (EALL), scholars in Japan, and the Honolulu Museum of Art has borne fruit: a bilingual cross-platform publication that focuses on 18th century scrolls recently discovered inside a collection at the Honolulu Museum of Art (HoMA).

Painting of a blue table with flowers and a cage
A painting submitted during the poetry contest shows an insect cage and a bouquet of flowers

Nestled within the Lane Collection, an archive curated by the late art dealer and 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 alumnus Richard Douglas Lane, lay a two-scroll set known as the J奴ban Mushi-awase, or A Match of Crickets in Ten Rounds of Verse and Image.

“These scrolls depict a literary event in 1782 Edo (Tokyo), where poets and painters gathered to explore the relative virtues of two humble insects—the bell cricket and the pine cricket,” said Robert Huey, a 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 EALL professor emeritus. “In East Asian literature, these insects have long symbolized the sadness of autumn and the pain of separation.”

Seeds of collaboration

Four smiling students
From left: EALL graduate students Tanya Barnett, Francesca Pizarro, Hilson Reidpath and Tomoki Kimura

The project鈥檚 seeds were planted in 2020, when EALL scholars Huey, Assistant Professor Andre Haag, PhD students Hilson Reidpath, Tanya Barnett and alumna Francesa Pizarro teamed up with researchers in Japan to explore the rare scroll set.

“Many of the Japanese scholars we were collaborating with were specialists in these 18th century literary figures and the forms of poetry we were examining,” said Barnett, a PhD candidate who specializes in modern Japanese literature. “The breadth of their knowledge was astounding and a real privilege to learn from.”

Minami Kiyoe, who oversees the Lane Collection at the museum, works closely with the 东精影业 and Japan research teams.

Unrolled scroll with text and images
The scrolls feature paintings and poems

Showcasing scholarly perspectives

Thanks to a generous grant from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the teams officially embarked on their collaborative journey in 2021. This spring, their efforts culminated in the publication of bilingual book .

The book features a transcription of the original text, a modern Japanese translation and a full English translation. In addition, all the team members wrote essays or research papers related to some aspect of the work.

“These elements together fulfilled one of the goals of the project, which was to truly showcase distinct approaches taken to the same material by Japanese and American scholars,” said Huey.

Museum exhibit
“Miyabi: Renaissance of Court Culture” exhibit at HoMA (image credit: Honolulu Museum of Art)

On display

This April, HoMA included the scrolls in the exhibit “.” The exhibit runs through July 28.

All images of paintings in this article are from the Collection of the Honolulu Museum of Art. Purchase, Richard Lane Collection, 2003 (TD 2011-23-415).

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Ancient card games, calligraphy, etiquette shine at Nippon event /news/2023/11/07/nippon-culture-day-2023/ Wed, 08 Nov 2023 00:12:59 +0000 /news/?p=186640 Nippon Culture Day features educational workshops to spotlight a diverse selection of traditional and contemporary elements of Japanese culture.

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People of stage performing traditional Japanese music
Traditional Japanese instrument performance entertains audiences.

About 850 students packed the Campus Center Ballroom at the to soak in a diverse selection of traditional and contemporary elements of Japanese culture. Organized by the Japanese section of the (EALL), the annual Nippon Culture Day event on October 20 featured a plethora of educational workshops for Hawaiʻi high school and college students, such as origami (paper folding), calligraphy, gift wrapping, Okinawan language, hanafuda playing cards, manga/anime drawing, and traditional kimono and 13-string koto (zither instrument) demonstrations.

Person writing Japanese caligraphy
Students learn how to brush on calligraphy.

“Most workshops offer hands-on ‘make and take’ sessions that students won鈥檛 be able to experience in the classroom,” said Yumiko Tateyama, a Japanese language instructor at EALL. “We hope that the students will take with them a newfound knowledge of the historical roots and meaning behind traditional arts and crafts that are presented.”

The event is co-sponsored by the and the and also spotlighted tea ceremony and ikebana (flower arrangement) activities for attendees.

Traditional cards, reigi lessons

Nippon is the Japanese word for Japan, and Kaito Yamanaka, a junior at 东精影业 Mānoa majoring in Japanese and economics, hopes to make a living there after college. This year, Yamanaka volunteered at the karuta exhibit. The ancient card game traces back to 16th century Japan and requires players to match cards associated with short poems or phrases recited during the game.

“I’ve played karuta since I was small, so I enjoyed teaching it to others and seeing them have fun with the game,” Yamanaka said.

One of the newest workshops featured at this year鈥檚 event focused on reigi, which is the Japanese words for etiquette and manners. Organizers invited Keiko Okawa, a consul from the Consulate-General of Japan in Honolulu, to shine light on a critical custom— bowing.

Women in kimonos on stage
东精影业 Mānoa students Nicole Horiuchi (2nd from right) and Eleanor Masinton (3rd from right) participate in a kimono demonstration.

“I told the participants that the key to a proper bow is breathing. Thus, you can put your heart to your movement. You inhale as you bow, pause to exhale, and then inhale again as you rise,” Okawa explained. “I believe that learning how to bow properly will be helpful to you when you travel to Japan and want to express your sincere gratitude to someone, or when you work for a Japanese company.”

Okawa also taught students other protocols practiced in Japan鈥檚 professional sector, including how to properly present a business card.

Local companies and organizations such as Hawaiian Airlines and Aulani, a Disney Resort & Spa were also present at the event to provide students the opportunity to network and learn about future career prospects.

EALL is housed in the 东精影业 Mānoa .

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18th century Japanese poem contest thrills UH scholars /news/2023/09/26/18th-century-japanese-poem-contest/ Wed, 27 Sep 2023 00:58:27 +0000 /news/?p=184250 EALL faculty and students helped translate post-medieval scrolls about the 1782 poetry contest.

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Japanese script and an illustration of a table with items on it
Displays were constructed to accompany poems in the contest. A painting of contestant Yoshida Momoki鈥檚 display.

Reviving elements of art from the past is not something that is only tied to our present. There are times in history when cultures have recognized the importance of ensuring that certain practices are not lost.

On September 15 at Hamilton Library, scholars took a look back in time when the Japanese people sought to reclaim elements from the country鈥檚 golden age of literature and art. During the 18th century, uta-awase or poetry contests were reintroduced in Japan in an attempt to revive the celebrated Heian period (794–1185).

Japanese script with illustration of a table and pine branch
This display utilized pine branches to play upon the type of cricket housed in the cage – a pine cricket.
Illustration of table with flowers
This display featured a cricket鈥檚 cage surrounded by autumn flowers to accompany patrolman 艑yama Fusayuki鈥檚 poem.

One 10-round contest in particular which required players to compose poems that pitted the literary qualities of bell crickets (suzumushi) and pine crickets (matsumushi) against each other, is documented on a set of post-medieval scrolls called “J奴ban Mushi-awase” (Insect Contest in Ten Rounds). The two-scroll set is housed at the Honolulu Museum of Art (HoMA). Faculty and staff from the University of Hawaiʻi at 惭腻苍辞补 (EALL) were tasked with translating the scrolls鈥 hard-to-read cursive style text and lavish paintings which depict live insects featured in table-top displays the uta-awase contestants constructed to present their poems.

“It is satisfying for our students to know that the work they put into this translation can be used by the museum whenever it displays the scrolls or makes them available to researchers,” said Robert Huey, an EALL professor emeritus internationally recognized for his expertise in classical and medieval Japanese poetry. “The scrolls themselves may seem effete, even out of touch, but their focus on reviving an ancient past was part of a growing intellectual movement to shake off the oppressive feudalism of the Tokugawa shogunate, which led, ironically, to the Meiji Restoration and Japan鈥檚 rapid modernization in the 19th and 20th centuries.”

At the workshop, Huey gave a historical overview of poetry contests and examined in detail how the text and image in three of the entries worked with each other in the scrolls and also intertextually with Japanese literary works from 900 years earlier.

Deciphering history

Reidpath standing in front of a screen
Hilson Reidpath presents at the Hamilton Library literary workshop

Since 2021, the translation project has brought together scholars out of EALL such as Huey, Assistant Professor Andre Haag, PhD students Hilson Reidpath, Tanya Barnett and alumna Francesa Pizarro with researchers from Japan and HoMA. The scrolls are part of the Lane collection, which is approximately 11,000 Japanese paintings, woodblock-printed books and manuscripts collected by late art dealer Richard Douglas Lane, a 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 alumnus.

The team from 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 has produced an English translation of the scrolls and penned short essays on some aspects such as text, paintings and historical elements. Reidpath, an EALL graduate student and aspiring professor was among those who presented some of the project鈥檚 findings at the workshop. He recalls how complex translations were for him in the beginning.

“It is quite satisfying to be here a few years later after that long afternoon in Moore Hall [in 2020] where we struggled to read a few characters,” Reidpath explained.

Samurai ties, patrolman

Illustration of flowers
Painting of a spray of “Maiden flowers” (ominaesi) laid across a rolled up letter (presumably a love letter), illustrating a poem by Yasoko.

A research deep dive into the rare scrolls revealed many of the Japanese aristocrats who competed in the 1782 contest were novice writers. A patrol officer, legal officer and the daughter of a local samurai family were among the competitors. Researchers were only able to discover the woman鈥檚 first name, Yasoko. She was one of two females who competed.

Translation of Yasoko鈥檚 poem
In the field / of many maiden flowers / the voice of the pine cricket /
intently waiting for someone 鈥 / its chirp unrelenting.

Vault visit

This September, HoMA welcomed the Japanese scholars involved in the ongoing collaborative research project inside the museum鈥檚 vault to examine the scroll set inch-by-inch for the first time. Headed by Professor Morita Teiko (Kyoto Sangy艒 University), Iikura Y艒ichi, a professor emeritus (Osaka University) and joined by other researchers such as Matsumoto 艑ki, an associate professor (Kansai University), they presented their findings at the Hamilton Library workshop which included some specifics on the contestants and how the event paid homage to the Heian period.

东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 continues to pursue other collaborative projects with researchers in Japan and HoMA. Minami Kiyoe, who oversees the Lane Collection at the museum, works closely with the 东精影业 and Japan research teams.

HoMA will be exhibiting the scrolls in spring 2024 as part of a larger exhibit on the enduring impact of the Heian period in Japanese literature and art. A book featuring the English translation, a modern Japanese translation, and detailed scholarship on the scrolls in English and Japanese is also expected in 2024, to coincide with the HoMA exhibit.

EALL is in the 东精影业 惭腻苍辞补 .

All images of paintings in this article are from the Collection of the Honolulu Museum of Art. Purchase, Richard Lane Collection, 2003 (TD 2011-23-415).

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