{"id":95659,"date":"2019-05-02T11:29:28","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T21:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/?p=95659"},"modified":"2020-03-13T15:02:17","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T01:02:17","slug":"jabsom-study-on-hiv-tb-in-children","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/2019\/05\/02\/jabsom-study-on-hiv-tb-in-children\/","title":{"rendered":"<abbr title=\"东精影业\">东精影业<\/abbr> M\u0101noa, international partners awarded $6<abbr title=\"million\">M<\/abbr> to study <abbr title=\" human immunodeficiency virus\">HIV<\/abbr>, <abbr title=\"tuberculosis\">TB<\/abbr> in children"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><div class=\"responsive-video-wrap-post\"><figure class=\"wp-block-embed wp-block-embed-youtube is-type-video is-provider-youtube epyt-figure\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><div class=\"epyt-video-wrapper\"><iframe  id=\"_ytid_77255\"  width=\"620\" height=\"349\"  data-origwidth=\"620\" data-origheight=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HkutHILzDjs?enablejsapi=1&origin=https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu&rel=0&autoplay=0&cc_load_policy=0&cc_lang_pref=&iv_load_policy=1&loop=0&fs=1&playsinline=0&autohide=2&theme=dark&color=red&controls=1&disablekb=0&\" class=\"__youtube_prefs__  no-lazyload\" title=\"HIV and TB: Fighting a Deadly Childhood Combination\"  allow=\"fullscreen; accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\n<p>About a third of us are walking around with the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (<abbr>TB<\/abbr>) in our bodies, but most don\u2019t actually end up with <abbr>TB<\/abbr>. For children living with <abbr title=\" human immunodeficiency virus\">HIV<\/abbr>&#8212;about 2 million at last estimate&#8212;it\u2019s a different story. They\u2019re much more likely to develop <abbr>TB<\/abbr>, and about 40,000 <abbr>HIV<\/abbr>-positive children die from it each year.<\/p>\n<p>To explore how <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> puts children at greater risk of contracting and dying from <abbr>TB<\/abbr>, an international team of scientists, led by researchers at the <a href=\"http:\/\/manoa.hawaii.edu\">University of <span aria-label=\"Hawaii\">Hawai&#699;i<\/span> at M\u0101noa<\/a>, University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison and have secured a five-year, $6.2 million grant from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/\">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases<\/a>. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_95664\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-95664\" style=\"width: 214px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/manoa-jabsom-hiv-tb-lishomwa-ndhlovu-214x300.jpg\" alt=\"Lishomwa Ndhlovu\" width=\"214\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-95664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/manoa-jabsom-hiv-tb-lishomwa-ndhlovu-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/manoa-jabsom-hiv-tb-lishomwa-ndhlovu-93x130.jpg 93w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/manoa-jabsom-hiv-tb-lishomwa-ndhlovu.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-95664\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lishomwa Ndhlovu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The grant will fund nonhuman primate experiments to understand disease mechanisms and explore a potential therapeutic approach. Then, extending from the laboratory to the field, <strong>Lishomwa Ndhlovu<\/strong>, professor of tropical medicine in the <abbr>东精影业<\/abbr> M\u0101noa <a href=\"http:\/\/jabsom.hawaii.edu\">John A. Burns School of Medicine<\/a> will investigate whether the same findings are true for children living in Myanmar, where rates of <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> and <abbr>TB<\/abbr> are both high.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;Children with <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> are very vulnerable to <abbr>TB<\/abbr>, and anything we can do to try to better understand the pathology of the disease and potentially develop new interventions would make a great dent in the morbidity and mortality of the two diseases,&rdquo; Ndhlovu said.<\/p>\n<h2>Children have distinct immune responses<\/h2>\n<p>&ldquo;Kids are not small adults. They have distinct immune responses. You can\u2019t necessarily extrapolate results from adults to kids,&rdquo; said principal investigator Charles Scanga, research associate professor of microbiology and molecular genetics at the University of Pittsburgh.<\/p>\n<p>In collaboration with the Yangon Children\u2019s Hospital, Ndhlovu and his team will look at blood samples from children in Myanmar. The idea is to see whether children living with <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> have the same T cell deficiencies and immune exhaustion markers as the laboratory animals do, and whether those markers correlate with <abbr>TB<\/abbr> coinfection rates.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;We are very fortunate to have an ongoing study of <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> in children in Yangoon and we have leveraged that opportunity to see how we can investigate how we can prevent <abbr>TB<\/abbr> in this vulnerable <abbr>HIV<\/abbr> population in children,&rdquo; said Ndhlovu.<\/p>\n<p>Read more about the study on the <a href=\"https:\/\/jabsom.hawaii.edu\/international-research-team-led-by-university-of-hawaii-manoa-wins-6-2m-grant-to-study-hiv-and-tuberculosis-coinfection-in-children\/\"><abbr>JABSOM<\/abbr> website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8212;By Tina Shelton<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The John A. Burns School of Medicine is part of an international team of researchers awarded $6<abbr title=\"million\">M<\/abbr> to study how <abbr title=\" human immunodeficiency virus\">HIV<\/abbr> puts children at greater risk of contracting and dying from <abbr title=\"tuberculosis\">TB<\/abbr>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[165,993,31,1363,9],"class_list":["post-95659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-health","tag-hivaids","tag-john-a-burns-school-of-medicine","tag-manoa-research","tag-uh-manoa","entry","has-media"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95659"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":113683,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95659\/revisions\/113683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}